Skip to content
AnimaPulse

Dog vaccination schedule

The usual protocols for dogs in sixteen countries, vaccine by vaccine, starting with the United Kingdom — the ages of the primary course, the booster rhythm, and what the law says about rabies. For guidance only.

United Kingdom protocolIndicativePublished on Updated on

These schedules are indicative. A dog's protocol depends on its age, lifestyle, region and health: your vet always has the final say.

What vaccinations does a dog need in the United Kingdom?

8 wks1st injection
11 wks2nd · protection acquired
VaccinePrimary courseFirst boosterThen
DHPthe core dog combo: distemper, hepatitis and parvovirus — first booster at 1 year, then every 3 years8 weeks, 11 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery 3 years
Leptospirosisbacteria spread by rodent urine and standing water — yearly booster8 weeks, 12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Kennel coughinfectious cough (Bordetella) for sociable dogs: kennels, daycare, shows — yearly booster12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Rabiesnot routine in the UK — travel only12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery 3 years

In AnimaPulse's UK scheme, DHP is the core dog combo: distemper, hepatitis and parvovirus — first booster at 1 year, then every 3 years.

The BSAVA vaccination statement lists distemper, adenovirus (infectious canine hepatitis), parvovirus and leptospirosis as the core vaccines for dogs in the UK, and the kennel cough vaccine as non-core, to be considered before kennelling or other situations where dogs mix. PDSA likewise says all dogs in the UK should be vaccinated against parvovirus, distemper, leptospirosis and infectious hepatitis. NOAH is narrower: it calls distemper, parvovirus and adenovirus the core vaccines for UK dogs and leptospirosis a non-core vaccine for dogs at risk because of where they live or what they do. So "core" does not mean exactly the same thing in every UK source: your vet decides what your dog needs.

For boosters, BSAVA generally advises following the vaccine's data sheet (Summary of Product Characteristics) while allowing a risk-based reading of it, and says the booster rhythm after the first year depends on the vaccine and on the risk of exposure.

On rabies, BSAVA calls vaccination a legal requirement for dogs travelling abroad or returning to the UK, and PDSA says it is necessary for dogs that travel in and out of the UK. That matches the "travel only" line in the table.

What vaccinations does a dog need in Ireland?

VaccinePrimary courseFirst boosterThen
DHPthe dog's core shot: distemper, hepatitis (adenovirus), parvovirus — first booster at 1 year, then every 3 years8 weeks, 12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery 3 years
Leptospirosisleptospirosis — ENDEMIC in Ireland, yearly booster: immunity is shorter than the DHP core8 weeks, 12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Kennel coughkennel cough — not routine, but required by most Irish boarding kennels12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Rabiesrabies — for travel only: Ireland is rabies-free, no requirement for a resident animal12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery 3 years

The Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine (DAFM) gives Ireland's rabies status as "absent", with 1903 as the date of the last known case, and lists rabies as a notifiable disease. AnimaPulse's Irish scheme says: "rabies — for travel only: Ireland is rabies-free, no requirement for a resident animal". DAFM's guide to a dog owner's legal responsibilities names appropriate care, microchipping and registration, a dog licence, a collar or harness with contact details, and keeping the dog under control in public; a vaccination is not among the requirements it lists.

On leptospirosis, the Veterinary Ireland Journal calls the disease endemic to Ireland and the UK, and reports a University College Dublin study that found pathogenic leptospires in the urine of some healthy dogs. AnimaPulse's Irish scheme says: "leptospirosis — ENDEMIC in Ireland, yearly booster: immunity is shorter than the DHP core".

What vaccinations does a dog need in the United States?

VaccinePrimary courseFirst boosterThen
DAPPthe core dog combo: distemper, adenovirus, parainfluenza and parvovirus — booster at 1 year, then every 3 years8 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery 3 years
Rabiesrequired by your state's law — age and schedule vary by state, ask your vet12 weekslegal requirement, varies by local ruleslegal requirement, varies by local rules
Leptospirosisbacteria spread by animal urine and standing water — yearly booster8 weeks, 12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Bordetellakennel cough, for social dogs: boarding, daycare — yearly booster12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Lymetick-borne bacteria, in endemic areas (Northeast, upper Midwest) — yearly booster12 weeks, 15 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year

AAHA's canine vaccination guidelines (2022, updated in 2024) list distemper, adenovirus, parvovirus (with or without parainfluenza), leptospira and rabies as the core vaccines for all dogs; Lyme disease, Bordetella, canine influenza and rattlesnake toxoid are added according to the dog's lifestyle and risk. For rabies, AnimaPulse's US scheme says: "required by your state's law — age and schedule vary by state, ask your vet". That is why its table gives "legal requirement, varies by local rules" instead of a date.

What vaccinations does a dog need in Canada?

VaccinePrimary courseFirst boosterThen
DAPPthe core dog combo: distemper, hepatitis, parvovirus and parainfluenza — booster at 1 year, then every 3 years8 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery 3 years
Rabiesrequired by law in several provinces — ask your vet12 weekslegal requirement, varies by local ruleslegal requirement, varies by local rules
Leptospirosisbacteria spread by rodent urine and standing water — depends on region and lifestyle; yearly booster12 weeks, 15 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Bordetellakennel cough for sociable dogs: boarding, daycare, shows — yearly booster12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Lymetick-borne disease, established in Ontario and the Maritimes — yearly booster12 weeks, 15 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year

In AnimaPulse's data Canada has no national reference scheme of its own: the scheme follows AAHA practice, and keeps leptospirosis outside the core group because the risk is regional (the table says: "bacteria spread by rodent urine and standing water — depends on region and lifestyle; yearly booster"). For rabies, AnimaPulse's Canadian scheme says: "required by law in several provinces — ask your vet". Ontario's rabies immunization regulation (R.R.O. 1990, Reg. 567) is one example: it requires the owner of a cat, dog or ferret of the age it sets to have the animal immunised against rabies, and to have it immunised again by the date given on its vaccination certificate. The CVMA position statement says veterinarians must understand the legal requirement for rabies vaccination where they practise and pass it on to owners.

What vaccinations does a dog need in Australia?

VaccinePrimary courseFirst boosterThen
C3the core dog combo (C3): distemper, hepatitis and parvovirus — booster at 1 year, then every 3 years6 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery 3 years
Kennel coughkennel cough (the “C5”), required by most boarding kennels — yearly booster12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Leptospirosisbacteria spread by rodent urine — regional risk, mainly in Queensland; yearly booster12 weeks, 15 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Rabiesnot routine in Australia — export only12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery 3 years

DAFF describes Australia as one of the few countries in the world that remains free of rabies. AnimaPulse's Australian scheme says: "not routine in Australia — export only". The AVA policy on vaccinating dogs and cats says each dog should be vaccinated as often as its vet considers necessary, and that the protocol depends on the animal's health and age, the effect of maternal antibodies, the disease and environmental risks, and the duration of immunity of the vaccines available.

What vaccinations does a dog need in South Africa?

VaccinePrimary courseFirst boosterThen
DHPPi-L (5-in-1)the core combined dog shot (“5-in-1”): distemper, hepatitis, parvovirus, parainfluenza and leptospirosis — yearly booster8 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Rabiesrequired by national law: first shot at 3 months, booster within 12 months, then at least every 3 years — yearly in endemic areas12 weekslegal requirement, varies by local ruleslegal requirement, varies by local rules
Kennel coughkennel cough, for social dogs: boarding, daycare — yearly booster12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year

AnimaPulse's South African scheme says: "required by national law: first shot at 3 months, booster within 12 months, then at least every 3 years — yearly in endemic areas". The Department of Agriculture's rabies guide for medical, veterinary and allied professions says the entire country was declared rabies-endemic during 1999 and that vaccination is compulsory for all dogs and cats. The Nobivac Rabies product information for South Africa adds that rabies is a controlled disease under the Animal Diseases Act (Act 35 of 1984) and that a suspected case must be reported to the state veterinarian immediately.

What vaccinations does a dog need in the Netherlands?

VaccinePrimary courseFirst boosterThen
DHPthe dog's core shot: distemper (hondenziekte), hepatitis and parvovirus — booster at 6-12 months, then every 3 years8 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks252 days after the primary courseevery 3 years
Leptospiroseleptospirosis (“ziekte van Weil”) — core in the Netherlands, a water-rich country: yearly booster8 weeks, 12 weeks280 days after the primary courseevery year
Kennelhoestkennel cough (kennelhoest) — not routine, but often required by boarding kennels and dog schools; yearly booster12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Rabiësrabies — for travel only: the Netherlands is rabies-free, no requirement for a resident dog12 weeks1095 days after the primary courseevery 3 years

What vaccinations does a dog need in Belgium?

VaccinePrimary courseFirst boosterThen
DHPPithe dog's core shot: distemper, hepatitis, parvovirus (+ parainfluenza) — first booster at 1 year, then every 3 years8 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery 3 years
Leptospiroseleptospirosis — bacteria spread in rodent urine, rising in Belgian dogs: yearly booster8 weeks, 12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Ragerabies — for travel only: Belgium is rabies-free, no requirement for a resident animal since 201612 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery 3 years

What vaccinations does a dog need in Luxembourg?

VaccinePrimary courseFirst boosterThen
DHPPithe dog's core shot: distemper, hepatitis, parvovirus (+ parainfluenza) — first booster at 1 year, then every 3 years8 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery 3 years
Ragerabies — required by Luxembourg law for every dog registered with the municipality, from 12 weeks, to be kept valid12 weekslegal requirement, varies by local ruleslegal requirement, varies by local rules
Leptospiroseleptospirosis — bacteria from rodent urine and stagnant water, depending on the dog's exposure: yearly booster8 weeks, 12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year

What vaccinations does a dog need in Switzerland?

VaccinePrimary courseFirst boosterThen
SHP/DHPthe dog's core shot: distemper, infectious hepatitis and parvovirus — booster at about 1 year of age, then every 3 years8 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks252 days after the primary courseevery 3 years
Leptospiroseleptospirosis — recommended for all dogs in Switzerland, yearly booster (preferably in spring), often given with parainfluenza (Pi), also yearly8 weeks, 12 weeks280 days after the primary courseevery year
Bordetellabacterial kennel cough — for dogs in contact with many other dogs, yearly booster8 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Tollwutrabies — not compulsory in Switzerland (rabies-free since 1998), but recommended for all dogs and required for travel; first booster at 1 or 3 years depending on the vaccine, then every 3 years12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery 3 years

What vaccinations does a dog need in Austria?

VaccinePrimary courseFirst boosterThen
SHPthe dog's core shot (“SHP”): distemper, infectious hepatitis and parvovirus — booster at about 1 year of age, then every 3 years8 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks252 days after the primary courseevery 3 years
Leptospiroseleptospirosis — core in Austria, yearly booster8 weeks, 12 weeks280 days after the primary courseevery year
Tollwutrabies — not compulsory in Austria (rabies-free since 2008) but a core vaccine, required for travel and dog shows; interval depends on the vaccine12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery 3 years
Zwingerhustenkennel cough (parainfluenza, Bordetella) — before exposure (boarding, dog clubs, shows), yearly booster8 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year

What vaccinations does a dog need in Brazil?

VaccinePrimary courseFirst boosterThen
V8/V10the Brazilian multi-shot: distemper (cinomose), hepatitis, parvovirus, parainfluenza, coronavirus and leptospirosis (2 strains in V8, 4 in V10) — yearly booster6 weeks, 9 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Raivarabies — required by local rules (state or city) for dogs, from 3 months; schedule set by local rules and the vaccine, often yearly3 monthslegal requirement, varies by local ruleslegal requirement, varies by local rules
Gripe canina (tosse dos canis)“canine flu” or kennel cough (Bordetella, parainfluenza) — for dogs in boarding, daycare or parks, yearly booster8 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year

What vaccinations does a dog need in Mexico?

VaccinePrimary courseFirst boosterThen
Quíntuplethe Mexican combined shot: distemper, hepatitis, parvovirus, often parainfluenza and leptospirosis depending on the product — yearly booster6 weeks, 9 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Rabiarabies — required by local (state) rules for dogs and cats; from 3 months, then every year; free at public health posts3 monthslegal requirement, varies by local ruleslegal requirement, varies by local rules
Leptospirosisbacteria spread by animal urine and standing water, often included in the quíntuple — yearly booster8 weeks, 12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Tos de las perreraskennel cough (infectious tracheobronchitis), advised for dogs in boarding, daycare or groups — yearly booster8 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year

What vaccinations does a dog need in Argentina?

VaccinePrimary courseFirst boosterThen
Séxtuplethe combined dog shot: distemper, hepatitis, parvovirus, parainfluenza, often leptospirosis — yearly booster8 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Rabiarabies — required by national law for dogs and cats, from 3 months; booster usually yearly, depending on the vaccine3 monthslegal requirement, varies by local ruleslegal requirement, varies by local rules
Leptospirosisleptospirosis — often included in the séxtuple; on its own, depending on risk — yearly booster8 weeks, 12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Tos de las perreraskennel cough — advised for dogs in boarding, daycare and group settings; yearly booster8 weeks, 12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year

What vaccinations does a dog need in Colombia?

VaccinePrimary courseFirst boosterThen
Pentavalentethe combined dog shot: distemper, hepatitis, parvovirus, parainfluenza, often leptospirosis — yearly booster8 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Rabiarabies — required by health regulations for dogs and cats, from 3 months; yearly booster recommended3 monthslegal requirement, varies by local ruleslegal requirement, varies by local rules
Leptospirosisleptospirosis — often included in the pentavalente; on its own, depending on risk — yearly booster12 weeks, 16 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Tos de las perreraskennel cough — advised for dogs in boarding, daycare and group settings; yearly booster8 weeks, 12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year

What vaccinations does a dog need in Poland?

VaccinePrimary courseFirst boosterThen
DHPPithe dog's core shot: distemper, hepatitis, parvovirus (+ parainfluenza) — first booster at 1 year, then every 3 years8 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery 3 years
Leptospirozaleptospirosis — bacteria from rodent urine and standing water, present in Polish wildlife: yearly booster8 weeks, 12 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year
Wściekliznarabies — required by Polish law for every dog: within 30 days of turning 3 months, then at least every 12 months3 months1 year after the primary courseevery year
Kaszel kenelowykennel cough (parainfluenza, Bordetella) — before boarding, dog school or shows, yearly booster8 weeks1 year after the primary courseevery year

Why do dog vaccination schedules differ from country to country?

Three things recur in the schemes above: what the law says about rabies, which diseases are common locally, and the local names of the combined vaccines.

Rabies. In the United Kingdom, Ireland and Australia, AnimaPulse's schemes treat rabies vaccination as a matter of travel or export:

  • United Kingdom: "not routine in the UK — travel only".
  • Ireland: "rabies — for travel only: Ireland is rabies-free, no requirement for a resident animal".
  • Australia: "not routine in Australia — export only".

In the United States, Canada and South Africa it is a legal matter:

  • United States: "required by your state's law — age and schedule vary by state, ask your vet".
  • Canada: "required by law in several provinces — ask your vet".
  • South Africa: "required by national law: first shot at 3 months, booster within 12 months, then at least every 3 years — yearly in endemic areas".

That is why those tables give "legal requirement, varies by local rules" rather than a suggested date: AnimaPulse flags the obligation without inventing a deadline it cannot know.

Leptospirosis. AAHA moved leptospirosis into the core group of its canine guidelines when it updated them in 2024. AnimaPulse's Canadian scheme does not follow, because the risk is regional there. In Ireland the disease is endemic (see above), and AnimaPulse's Australian scheme says: "bacteria spread by rodent urine — regional risk, mainly in Queensland; yearly booster".

Kennel cough. The schemes describe it as a vaccine for dogs that mix with others:

  • United Kingdom: "infectious cough (Bordetella) for sociable dogs: kennels, daycare, shows — yearly booster".
  • Ireland: "kennel cough — not routine, but required by most Irish boarding kennels".
  • United States: "kennel cough, for social dogs: boarding, daycare — yearly booster".
  • Canada: "kennel cough for sociable dogs: boarding, daycare, shows — yearly booster".
  • Australia: "kennel cough (the “C5”), required by most boarding kennels — yearly booster".
  • South Africa: "kennel cough, for social dogs: boarding, daycare — yearly booster".

What do DHP, DAPP, C3 and the other letters mean?

Each country names the combined vaccine in its own way. In AnimaPulse's schemes:

  • United Kingdom, DHP: "the core dog combo: distemper, hepatitis and parvovirus — first booster at 1 year, then every 3 years".
  • United States, DAPP: "the core dog combo: distemper, adenovirus, parainfluenza and parvovirus — booster at 1 year, then every 3 years".
  • Canada, DAPP: "the core dog combo: distemper, hepatitis, parvovirus and parainfluenza — booster at 1 year, then every 3 years".
  • Australia, C3: "the core dog combo (C3): distemper, hepatitis and parvovirus — booster at 1 year, then every 3 years".
  • South Africa, 5-in-1: "the core combined dog shot (“5-in-1”): distemper, hepatitis, parvovirus, parainfluenza and leptospirosis — yearly booster".

The BSAVA statement notes that in vaccination records the letters are abbreviations of the diseases: D for distemper virus, H for adenovirus (infectious canine hepatitis), P for parvovirus and L for leptospirosis. Vaccines are multivalent, and preparations are available with different Leptospira strains.

Why does a puppy need several injections?

The WSAVA vaccination guidelines explain that antibodies a puppy receives from its mother interfere substantially with most of the core vaccines. Because the level of those antibodies varies within and between litters, WSAVA recommends several doses of the core vaccines in a puppy, with the last dose given when the puppy is older. The AVA policy says the same antibodies protect newborns but can interfere with vaccination, and that in a small proportion of young animals they last longer than usual. That is why the primary course in each table has more than one date, and why the ages differ from one country to another.

Should my dog be vaccinated against leptospirosis?

NOAH describes canine leptospirosis as a serious and potentially fatal disease caused by bacteria that survive well in damp places such as waterways and ditches and are spread mainly by rats and other rodents through their urine. It adds that the disease may be passed on to humans. WSAVA calls leptospirosis a life-threatening, zoonotic disease and says that where it is endemic, and the serogroups involved are known and suitable vaccines exist, vaccinating all dogs is highly recommended and the vaccines should be considered core.

BSAVA says leptospirosis and kennel cough vaccines need boosters more often than the core ones, and PDSA says the same of leptospirosis. In AnimaPulse's UK scheme the leptospirosis boosters come every year, while the core combination is boosted every 3 years. Whether your dog needs it is a question for your vet.

How will I remember my dog's booster dates?

Enter the vaccine in AnimaPulse and the app works out the next due date from the date you entered, then reminds you seven days before and again the day before. The calendar it proposes follows the country where your dog lives, not the language of your phone.

Is rabies vaccination compulsory for dogs in continental Europe and Latin America?

AnimaPulse's reference schemes say:

  • Netherlands: "rabies — for travel only: the Netherlands is rabies-free, no requirement for a resident dog".
  • Belgium: "rabies — for travel only: Belgium is rabies-free, no requirement for a resident animal since 2016".
  • Luxembourg: "rabies — required by Luxembourg law for every dog registered with the municipality, from 12 weeks, to be kept valid".
  • Switzerland: "rabies — not compulsory in Switzerland (rabies-free since 1998), but recommended for all dogs and required for travel; first booster at 1 or 3 years depending on the vaccine, then every 3 years".
  • Austria: "rabies — not compulsory in Austria (rabies-free since 2008) but a core vaccine, required for travel and dog shows; interval depends on the vaccine".
  • Brazil: "rabies — required by local rules (state or city) for dogs, from 3 months; schedule set by local rules and the vaccine, often yearly".
  • Mexico: "rabies — required by local (state) rules for dogs and cats; from 3 months, then every year; free at public health posts".
  • Argentina: "rabies — required by national law for dogs and cats, from 3 months; booster usually yearly, depending on the vaccine".
  • Colombia: "rabies — required by health regulations for dogs and cats, from 3 months; yearly booster recommended".

Where the obligation is a legal one, AnimaPulse flags it without inventing a deadline it cannot know.

Is rabies vaccination compulsory for dogs in Poland?

AnimaPulse's Polish scheme says: "rabies — required by Polish law for every dog: within 30 days of turning 3 months, then at least every 12 months". For cats, it says: "rabies — not compulsory for cats in Poland unless a regulation imposes it in your area; required for travel; interval depends on the vaccine"; for ferrets: "rabies — not compulsory for ferrets in Poland, required for travel; yearly booster in ferrets".

Frequently asked questions

At what age can a puppy have its first vaccination?

In AnimaPulse's UK reference scheme the core combination (DHP) is given at 8 and 11 weeks. Other countries use other ages: see the primary course column of each table. WSAVA recommends several doses of the core vaccines because the level of a puppy's maternal antibodies varies.

How often does a dog need booster shots?

In AnimaPulse's UK scheme the core combination has a first booster 1 year after the primary course, then boosters every 3 years. Leptospirosis boosters come every year and kennel cough boosters every year. Other countries differ: see their tables.

Does a dog in the UK need a rabies vaccination?

AnimaPulse's UK scheme says: "not routine in the UK — travel only". BSAVA calls vaccination a legal requirement for dogs travelling abroad or returning to the UK.

Is rabies vaccination compulsory for dogs in the United States?

AnimaPulse's US scheme says: "required by your state's law — age and schedule vary by state, ask your vet". Its table gives "legal requirement, varies by local rules" instead of a suggested date, so ask your vet what applies where you live.

Is leptospirosis vaccination necessary for dogs?

WSAVA says that where leptospirosis is endemic and suitable vaccines are available, vaccinating all dogs is highly recommended. UK sources differ on whether it is "core" (BSAVA and PDSA say yes, NOAH calls it non-core), so your vet's assessment of your dog's lifestyle decides.

What do the letters on my dog's vaccination record mean?

BSAVA gives D for distemper virus, H for adenovirus (infectious canine hepatitis), P for parvovirus and L for leptospirosis. Each country's own combined vaccine names are listed in the section above on DHP, DAPP and C3.

Sources — United Kingdom

Sources — Ireland

Sources — United States

Sources — Canada

Sources — Australia

Sources — South Africa

Sources — Netherlands

Sources — Belgium

Sources — Luxembourg

Sources — Switzerland

Sources — Austria

Sources — Brazil

Sources — Mexico

Sources — Argentina

Sources — Colombia

Sources — Poland

These tables come from the same data as the app's vaccination assistant, and the sentences above that quote "AnimaPulse's scheme" repeat that data's own wording.

The three dates, set once

AnimaPulse pre-fills the puppy schedule and reminds you of every due date 7 days and 1 day before.

Download on theApp StoreGet it onGoogle Play

Or open AnimaPulse in your browser

Read next

Page updated on 11 November 2026.